Bhukamp natural disasters hai jise logo aur property ko bade damage pahuncha sakti hai. Ye events frightening aur unpredictable ho sakti hain, jiske karan bahut se log yeh sochte hain ki ye kaise hota hai aur unhe kya karna chahiye apne aapko safe rakhne ke liye. Is post mein, hum bhukamp ke peeche ki science aur iske liye ready hone ke liye kya kar sakte hain, is ko explore karenge. Is blog mein hum Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai ke baare main aapko sab batyenge.
Table of Contents
Introduction: Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai
Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai, bhukamp natural disasters hain jo world ke kisi bhi corner mein, bina kisi warning ke ho sakti hain. Ye events badi buildings, infrastructure par bhi bhari damage pahucha sakti hain aur kabhi-kabhi jaan bhi le sakti hain. Isliye zaruri hai ki samajhna chahiye ki bhukamp kyo hota hai, kaise hota hai aur hum kaise apne apko aur apne loved ones ko bacha sakte hain.
Bhukamp Kya Hai?
Bhukamp Earth ke crust se ek achank energy ka release hai, jisse surface par vibrations aur shaking hone ka karan banta hai. Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai, ye shaking mild ya severe dono type ke ho sakte hain aur world ke kisi bhi corner mein ho sakte hain. Ye shaking seismic waves dwara cause hote hain, jo bhukamp ki epicentre se Earth ke crust ke point se chalte hain.
Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai
Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai, jaise tectonic plates, faults aur volcanic eruptions.
Tectonic Plates
Earth ke crust ke kai tectonic plates hote hain jo time ke saath move aur shift hote rahate hain. Jab ye plates collide hote hain to woh massive bhukamp ko utpann kar sakte hain, jaise Nepal mein 2015 mein hua tha. Is collide se energy release hoti hai, jisse seismic waves aur surface shaking ka cause ban jaata hai.
Faults
Ek fault Earth ke crust ka ek brake hai, jahan do tectonic plates milte hain. Jab in plates ke beech pressure badhta hai, to isse fault slip ho sakta hai, jiske kaaran bhukamp utpann hota hai. Faults Earth ke surface par kahin bhi paye jaa sakte hain lekin kuch zyada active hote hain.
Volcanic Eruptions
Volcanic eruptions bhi bhukamp ko utpann kar sakte hain, jab magma ke pressure neeche se badhta hai. Jab yeh pressure free hota hai, to Earth ka crust hil sakta hai, jiski wajah se bhukamp utpann ho sakta hai.
Bhukamp Ke Waves
Bhukamp ke time teen types ke seismic waves hote hain: P waves, S waves aur surface waves.
P Waves
P waves ya primary waves bhukamp ke time surface tak pehle pahunchne wale seismic waves hote hain. Ye waves ek push-pull motion mein move karte hain aur solids, liquids aur gases ke through travel kar sakte hain.
S Waves
S waves ya secondary waves bhukamp ke time surface par doosre number par pahunchte hain. Ye waves ek up-and-down motion mein move karte hain aur sirf solids ke medium se travel kar sakte hain.
Surface Waves
Surface waves bhukamp ke time surface tak aane wale last seismic waves hote hain. Ye waves ek rolling motion mein move karte hain aur buildings aur infrastructure ko sabse zyada damage pahuncha sakte hain.
Bhukamp Ko Measure Karna
Bhukamp do alag scales par measure kiya jaata hai, Richter scale aur moment magnitude scale par.
Richter Scale
Richter scale bhookamp ki magnitude ka measure ek 1 se 10 tak ke scale par karta hai. Scale par har number bhookamp ki strength mein tenfold increase karta hai, matlab ek 7.0 bhookamp ek 6.0 se tenfold zyada stronger hota hai.
Moment Magnitude Scale
Moment magnitude scale ek newer scale hai jo earthquake ke time release hone wali puri energy ko measure karta hai. Yah scale Richter scale se zyada accurate hai, kyonki yah bhookamp ke size, depth aur duration ko bhi dhyan mein leta hai.
Bhookamp Ki Wajah Se Problems
Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai, bhukamp se sabse zyada nuksaan hote hai ground shaking ke karan. Yeh buildings ko girasakte hai, roads ko phod sakte hai aur bridges ko gira sakte hai. Earthquake se landslides bhi ho sakte hai jo ghar aur infrastructure ko dafan kar sakte hai. Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai, agar earthquake sahore ke paas hota hai toh tsunami ka khatra bhi hota hai, jisme bade waves hazaaron miles tak andar jaakar bahut nuksaan pahuchaate hai.
Earthquake power lines aur gas lines ko damage karke fire ki shuruwat bhi kar sakta hai. Earthquake se loose sandy soil liquefy ho sakta hai, jiski wajah se buildings aur infrastructure gir sakte hai. Earthquake ke karan faults rupture ho sakte hai, jisse bade-bade cracks ground mein ban sakte hai. Iske alawa earthquake se bahut dar aur chinta ho sakti hai, jisse post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) aur dusre mental health problems ho sakte hai.
Earthquake se aur bhi kai problems ho sakte hai:
Paani ki contamination: Earthquake paani ke pipes ko damage karke drinking water ko contaminated kar sakta hai.
Transportation aur communication ka disruption: Earthquake roads, bridges aur dusre transportation infrastructure ko damage kar sakta hai, jiski wajah se travel karna mushkil ho jaata hai. Iske alawa earthquake communication lines ko bhi damage kar sakta hai, jisse dusro se baat karna mushkil ho jaata hai.
Economic disturbance: Earthquake se businesses aur ghar ko damage hone se economic disturbance bhi ho sakta hai.
Jaan ka loss: Earthquake bahut deadly ho sakta hai aur iski intensity aur epicenter ki location par jaanlewa nuksaan bhi ho sakta hai.
Bhookamp ke Liye Preparation
Bhookamp ke liye prepare kar lena aap aur aapke family ko earthquake ke time safe rakhne mein help karta hai. Yaha kuch bhookamp ke preprations ke tips diye gaye hain:
Bhookamp Ke Liye Kit
Ek bhookamp ke liye kit ready kijiye jo paani, non-perishable food, first aid supplies aur flashlight jaise zaroori cheezen include karein. Yah kit ek safe place par store karni chahiye, jahan ise aap easily se access kar sakenge.
Emergency Plan
Bhookamp ke time kya karna hai iska ek emergency plan ready kijiye. Is plan mein likhe ki bhukamp ke time andar, bahar ya gadi mein rehne par kya karna hai.
Ghar Ko Secure Karna
Apne ghar ko safe karke heavy furniture ko walls se jodkar, bookshelves ko secure karkar aur apne ghar ki structure ka code mein hona dhyaan rakhte hue aap earthquake ke time injury aur damage ko kam kar sakte hain.
Securities Provided By Goverment
Jab badi bhukamp aati hai tab sarkar alag-alag desho mein pradaan karte hain suraksha. Lekin kuch aam suraksha shaamil hote hain:
- Financial assistance: Sarkar aksar un logon aur vyaparik sthano ko vittiy sahayta pradaan karti hai jo bhukamp se prabhavit hue hain. Is sahayta se marammat, punarnirman aur khoye gaye cheezon ki jagah dene ka kharch cover kiya ja sakta hai.
- Medical assistance: Sarkar aksar un logo ko medikal sahayata bhi pradaan karti hai jo bhukamp mein ghayal ho gaye hain. Is sahayata mein medical care, hospital ke liye ya se hospital se transportation aur khoi hui vetan ke liye vittiy sahayata shaamil hai.
- Food and water: Sarkar aksar un logo aur parivaaron ko khana aur paani bhi pradaan karti hai jo bhukamp se prabhavit hue hain. Is sahayata se logon ko bhukh aur pyaas ki mool jarooraton tak pahunchane mein madad mil sakti hai.
- Shelter: Sarkar aksar un logo aur parivaaron ko aashray bhi pradaan karti hai jo bhukamp se hatane ke liye uprooted ho gaye hain. Is sahayata mein temporary housing, kiraye ke liye vittiy sahayata aur permanent housing dhoondhne mein madad shaamil hai.
- Reconstruction: Sarkar aksar bhukamp se kharab ya nasht ho gayi infrastructure ko punarnirman karne mein madad karti hai. Is sahayata mein sadkon, pulon aur dusre public works ki punarnirman shaamil hote hain.
Inke alava sarkar mansik chikitsa, naukari ki training aur kaanooni sahayata jaisi anya suraksha bhi pradaan kar sakti hai. Prabhavit janata ke avashyaktaon aur sarkar ke paas uplabdh sansaadhanon ke anusaar pradaan kiye jaane vaale suraksha vibhinn honge.
Bhukamp ke baad sarkar dvaara pradaan ki jaane waali suraksha ke kuch vishisht udaharan yaha diye gaye hain:
Bharat mein, National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) bhukamp se prabhavit hue logo aur parivaaron ko vittiy sahayata shaamil karke pradaan karti hai. NDMA ghayal logon ke liye medikal sahayata, khana aur paani, aashray aur punarnirman sahayata bhi pradaan karta hai.
Ameerika mein, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) bhukamp se prabhavit hue logo aur vyaparik sthano ko vittiy sahayata pradaan karta hai. FEMA bhi medikal sahayata, khana aur paani, aashray aur punarnirman sahayata pradaan karta hai.
Conclusion (Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai)
Bhookamp natural phenomenon hai jo duniya ke kisi bhi kone mein bina warning ke ho sakti hai. Bhookamp ko kya cause hota hai aur kaise hota hai isse samajhna bhookamp ke time safe rahne ke liye bahut zaroori hai. Ek emergency kit ready karke, ek plan banakar aur apne ghar ko safe karke aap earthquake ke time injury aur damage ko kam kar sakte hain. Ab aap jaan gaye hai ki Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai.
FAQs (Bhukamp Kaise Aata Hai)
Kya bhookamp predict kiya ja sakta hai?
Impossible hai ki bhookamp ko predict kija sake, lekin scientists dwara unusual animal behaviour ya Earth’s ke magnetic field mein changes jaisi kuch warning signs dekha jata hai.
Kya bhookamp common hote hain?
Poore world mein bhookamp aksar ho jaate hain, lekin kuch regions dusre regions se zyada prone hote hain. Jaise, Pacific Ocean ke charon or wala “Ring of Fire” apni high seismic activity ke liye jaana jaata hai.
Bhookamp kitni der tak chalta hai?
Bhookamp ki duration uske magnitude aur location par depend karti hai. Kuch bhookamp kuch seconds ke liye hi hota hai, jabki dusre kuch minute tak chalte hain.
Kya bhookamp tsunami ko paida kar sakte hain?
Haan, jab bhookamp ocean ke neeche ya pass hota hai toh tsunami ka reason ban sakta hai. Seismic activity ke time waves create hoti hai jo ocean ke accross travel karti hai, jiske karan tsunami create ho jaati hai.
Bhookamp ke time kya karu?
Bhookamp ke time aap ground par gir jana chahiye, sturdy furniture ke niche chhup jana chahiye aur jab tak shaking na band ho jaaye tab tak pakadna chahiye.
